Why this exists

Battle of the Bills tracks circularity-aligned legislation across all 50 states. By following Extended Producer Responsibility, right-to-repair, deposit-return, recycled-content, labeling, and related laws in one place, it makes visible where the policy momentum — and the market opportunity for a circular economy — is building, and turns a firehose of legislative activity into the handful of bills and deadlines that actually affect you.

How the analysis works

Every bill is screened against a fixed set of circularity criteria, then auto-classified for relevance, policy instrument, and the material streams it touches — with a confidence score on each call. Relevant bills get their compliance details (deadlines, covered products, producer obligations) extracted from the bill text, and a growing set is spot-reviewed by a human. Each bill shows whether its relevance call is auto-classified or reviewed, so you always know what you're looking at.

Legislative data is sourced from Open States (Plural Policy). Classifications are automated and may contain errors; always verify against the primary source before relying on any result. See the full methodology →